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Showing posts with label How to's. Show all posts
Showing posts with label How to's. Show all posts

How To Get Rid Of Internal System Error Apport Popups In Ubuntu

Wednesday, June 20, 2012
Sorry, Ubuntu 12.04 has experienced an internal error
http://www.webupd8.org/2012/06/how-to-get-rid-of-internal-system-error.html

Apport is a debugging tool that automatically generates crash reports. In the final Ubuntu 12.04 release, Apport seems to be enabled by default (unlike in the previous Ubuntu versions) and at least on my system, I keep getting "Sorry, Ubuntu 12.04 has experienced an internal error" popups, which can't be reported, a few times a day (Apport bug already reported).

To get rid of these annoying Apport popups, you can disable Apport, especially since most of the time there are no visible errors / crashes anyway. Sure, this won't solve the actual errors, but at least you won't get those frequent Apport "internal system error" dialogs anymore.

To disable Apport, you need to edit "/etc/default/apport" with a text editor such as Gedit (as root):
sudo gedit /etc/default/apport
and change "enabled" from "1" to "0", then save the file.

You can always re-enable it later on if you want, by changing "enabled" from "0" back to "1", or you can enable Apport temporarily, using the following command:
sudo service apport start force_start=1

how to install Motioneye driver in linux for sony VAIO

Tuesday, June 19, 2012
here is the link https://launchpad.net/~r5u87x-loader/+archive/ppa



PPA description

Packages for r5u87x – a bunch of userspace tools to help manage cameras based on Ricoh R5U87x chipsets (http://bitbucket.org/ahixon/r5u87x/)
Packaging request: bug #120434
The packages provided (both source and binary) include only the loader software and do not contain the microcode, whose copyright and license status is unclear. Instead, a simple shell script is provided that can download and install the microcode directly from the upstream repository.
Installation
========
1. sudo add-apt-repository ppa:r5u87x-loader/ppa
2. sudo apt-get update
3. sudo apt-get install r5u87x
4. sudo /usr/share/r5u87x/r5u87x-download-firmware.sh
Supported hardware
================
05ca:1803 Flybook V5
05ca:1810 HP Pavilion Webcam
05ca:1835 Sony Camera VGP-VCC5 (used on Sony Vaio SZ laptops)
05ca:1836 Sony Camera VGP-VCC4 (used on Sony Vaio FE laptops)
05ca:1837 Sony Camera VGP-VCC4 (used on Sony Vaio FZ laptops)
05ca:1839 Sony Camera VGP-VCC6 (used on Sony Vaio CR laptops)  my is CR520D
05ca:183a Sony Camera VGP-VCC7 (used on Sony Vaio SZ and TZ11 laptops)
05ca:183b Sony Camera VGP-VCC8 (used on Sony Vaio FZ laptops)
05ca:183e Sony Camera VGP-VCC9 (used on Sony Vaio FZ laptops)
05ca:1841 Fujitsu F01 / Fujitsu Lifebook U810
Note
====
The repo also contains a package called r5u87x-loader. This now serves only as a transitional package to r5u87x, and it is kept here only because it has been referenced in bug #120434.

[virtual box] HOWTO: Use Shared Folders

Monday, March 22, 2010

HOWTO: Use Shared Folders

Postby Sasquatch » 27. Mar 2009, 21:14
After installing the Guest Additions, you can use the Shared Folders Functionality. To access them, you have to define at least one in the VM settings. Open the VM Settings and go to Shared Folders. You can define them there. Click on the Add button and browse for a folder you want to share. Make sure that the name of the share doesn't contain any illegal characters like white spaces. Keep the name as simple as possible. In this howto, I will use the name share.

Now that you have defined a SF, it's time to mount it. Boot the Guest and open a terminal. Create a folder where you will mount it on. E.g. in your home folder. I will use ~/host for the mount point.
Now mount it with the following command:
Code: Select all   Expand viewCollapse view
sudo mount -t vboxsf share ~/host

Note that with this, the default mount options are used and all files are owned by root. This can be changed by adding some mount options. Options are passed on with the -o parameter. You can use multiple options with one parameter, seperate the values with a comma. See the man page of mount for more info on which options you can use. The User Manual also notes the options compatible with the Shared Folders. To mount the SF so that you are the owner of the files, use this command:
Code: Select all   Expand viewCollapse view
sudo mount -t vboxsf -o uid=1000,gid=1000 share ~/host

If you want to have it mount automatically upon each boot, put the mount command in /etc/rc.local (Debian based distro's), or whatever script is run at the end of the boot process. The Shared Folders service should mount them automatically, but that doesn't always happen.
Using /etc/fstab has little effect, because that file is processed before the SF module is loaded and will fail to mount the share. Sometimes, the share does get mounted because the GA check for it when they are loaded upon boot, but it's very flaky, meaning it doesn't work most of the time. You're better of with the first option.
When you put the mount command in /etc/rc.local, so it's mounted at startup, you can't use the short notation for your home folder. During startup, everything is done through the root user, so using ~ for home, means it's the home folder of Root (/root). Change it to the full path. For example:
Code: Select all   Expand viewCollapse view
mount -t vboxsf share /home//host


Troubleshooting
Q: I get a protocol error when mounting.
Q: I get the error /sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: No such device.
A: You mount the SF on a mount point with the same name as the share itself, change the name or mount point.
A: You're sharing a personal folder like your Home Folder (Linux), or My Documents (Windows) on the Host. Define a new share, like a sub folder.

Q: I get an error "Unexpected error: Text file busy." when trying to edit a file.
A: When using gedit, this can happen on shared folders. This is a bug in gedit, not VB. Use a different editor.
Read the Forum Posting Guide before opening a topic.
VB FAQ: Check this before asking questions.
User Manual: A must read if you want to know what we're talking about.
Howto: Install Linux Guest Additions + Xorg config
Howto: Use Shared Folders
Try searching the forums first with Google and add the site filter for this forum.
E.g. install guest additions site:forums.virtualbox.org

how to improve your CORE 2 DUO processors in Ubuntu

Monday, March 1, 2010

Changing the default 'generic' kernel to 'server' kernel

If you install Ubuntu from the live cd or alternate install cd, the 'generic' kernel would be installed by default. The 'generic' kernel focuses on i586 and i686 CPU architectures. But if you have a newer CPU, like Pentium 4 HT, Dual Core or Core2Duo, you might want to install the 'server' kernel to improve your PC performance. The 'server' kernel focuses on i686 architectures and posses some unique advantages over 'generic' kernel in case of task management.

Note that you should not change the default kernel if you don't have a CPU that belong in the families stated above. And also be aware of the fact that kernel changing might cause big problems in your computer [such as making the system unstable!].

Here is the complete walkthrough of changing your kernel:

1. Disable any proprietory video card driver that you are using. You must do this, otherwise your computer could not start X after enabling the new kernel.

2. Open Synaptic package manager and select the following packages for installation
  • linux-server
  • linux-headers-2.6.24-17-server
  • linux-headers-server
  • linux-image-2.6.24-17-server
  • linux-image-server
  • linux-restricted-modules-2.6.24-17-server
  • linux-restricted-modules-server
  • linux-ubuntu-modules-2.6.24-17-server
3. Now install these packages by clicking 'Apply'

4. Restart your computer upon completation of download and installation

5. From System > Administration > Hardware Driver menu, enable the proprietory video card driver that you have disabled previously. You might have to restart your PC again.

6. Its all done. You can check your kernel version by typing 'uname -r' in the terminal.

You might want to uninstall the old generic kernel packages to free up your hard drive space. In that case, open Synaptic package manager and mark these packages for complete removal:

  • linux-generic
  • linux-headers-2.6.24-17-generic
  • linux-headers-generic
  • linux-image-2.6.24-17-generic
  • linux-image-generic
  • linux-restricted-modules-2.6.24-17-generic
  • linux-restricted-modules-generic
  • linux-ubuntu-modules-2.6.24-17-generic
After uninstalling these packages, restart your computer. Now you won't see option for 'generic' kernel boot in the GRUB.

WEBCAM Ricoh Co. ( ID 05ca:183b ) 1.3 Mega pixel VCC8 by Francesco Palmisano

Wednesday, December 16, 2009
motion-eye webcam


THIS PROJECT IS CLOSED AND IS NOT PROVIDED AN ADDITIONAL SUPPORT OR UPGRADE


This is a driver's project about Ricoh's Webcam finding on a great number of notebook like the recent Sony Vaio FZ2x.
This type of webcam works on USB bus and needs, besides a correnct driver, a special firmware.

LAST RELEASE (23/06/2009):
First of all i give a personal thank you to Onur Küçük and Jaroslaw Zola for their contributions!
A new driver is ready:

1) driver for kernel 2.6.30: amd64 (64bit) and i386 (32bit)
2) driver for kernel 2.6.27: amd64/i386

Let's go:

Work on Kernel 2.6.23 and kernel 2.6.24 !!

ATTENTION: with the kernel 2.6.24 or above (2.6.25.x) the drive for the webcam need to be change with this (0.11.2 version).

Remeber that you need your kernel headers or sources installed!
Download the needed archive from here.
Untar it and go inside the new created folder:

tar xvfz r5u870-0.10.1.tar.gz
cd r5u870-0.10.1

With root privileges give this commands:

make
make install

and then the command:

modprobe r5u870

will be created a new device /dev/video0 about your webcam.
Now you can use any program that supports webcams like Skype 2.0, xawtv, kopete, camstrem (only version 0.27 or above), ecc....
If you want to make permanent the module loading on each boot, edit the file /etc/modules with your favourite text editor and add, if there aren't, these lines:

r5u870
videodev
video-buf
v4l1-compat
v4l2-common

save and close the file.

Now there are two Debian packages version of this driver downloadables here-kernel-2.6.23 and here-kernel-2.6.24.
You can install it with the command:

for kernel 2.6.23:

dpkg -i r5u870_0.10.1_i386.deb

for kernel 26.24:

dpkg -i r5u870_0.11..2_i386.deb

IMPORTANT: the module r5u870 goes in conflict with the uvcvideo module, therefore it is necessary to uninstall or to unload the uvcvideo module!!


ENJOY YOUR WEB !!

Fix Error Code 801xxxxx with Windows Live Messenger

Monday, December 14, 2009
Windows Live Messenger
Live Messenger
I have been using MSN Live Messenger for a while until I started to run into Error Code Messages.
getting Error Code: 80191002 message.
The reason for this is the conflict with VMware if you happened to install one
FIX Error Code 80191002: To get the error resolved follow the steps below. (I am running Windows 7 , but following same steps should get those errors resolved in Windows XP)


1. First go to Start>Control Panel >Programs and Features
2. In the search box type Live

Live Search
Search Box
or look for Windows Live Essentials and double click to get the Uninstall or repair your Windows Live programs Wizard.

Windows Live Essentials
3. Select Repair
Live Search
Uninstall or repair your Windows Live programs
(Before you click continue make sure to close msn messenger)
Live Search
Close MSN Live Messenger
<4. Once the repair process is done You must restart your computer. If you will not restart your computer and will try to login you will get Error 81000306.

You must restart your computer
Live SearchOnce you will restart your computer you should not long have Error Code 80191002 when trying to sign in to MSN Live Messenger. By following the steps above you might be able to fix other Error Code 801xxxxx. Also you might be able to lunch the repair process by downloading free windows live messenger and lunching the install.

[WIKI] linux swap.

Thursday, December 3, 2009


Linux divides its physical RAM (radom access memory) into chucks of memory called pages. Swapping is the process whereby a page of memory is copied to the preconfigured space on the hard disk, called swap space, to free up that page of memory. The combined sizes of the physical memory and the swap space is the amount of virtual memory available.
Swapping is necessary for two important reasons. First, when the system requires more memory than is physically available, the kernel swaps out less used pages and gives memory to the current application (process) that needs the memory immediately. Second, a significant number of the pages used by an application during its startup phase may only be used for initialization and then never used again. The system can swap out those pages and free the memory for other applications or even for the disk cache.
However, swapping does have a downside. Compared to memory, disks are very slow. Memory speeds can be measured in nanoseconds, while disks are measured in milliseconds, so accessing the disk can be tens of thousands times slower than accessing physical memory. The more swapping that occurs, the slower your system will be. Sometimes excessive swapping or thrashing occurs where a page is swapped out and then very soon swapped in and then swapped out again and so on. In such situations the system is struggling to find free memory and keep applications running at the same time. In this case only adding more RAM will help.
Linux has two forms of swap space: the swap partition and the swap file. The swap partition is an independent section of the hard disk used solely for swapping; no other files can reside there. The swap file is a special file in the filesystem that resides amongst your system and data files.
To see what swap space you have, use the command swapon -s. The output will look something like this:


Filename  Type       Size       Used Priority
/dev/sda5 partition  859436  0       -1
 
Each line lists a separate swap space being used by the system. Here, the 'Type' field indicates that this swap space is a partition rather than a file, and from 'Filename' we see that it is on the disk sda5. The 'Size' is listed in kilobytes, and the 'Used' field tells us how many kilobytes of swap space has been used (in this case none). 'Priority' tells Linux which swap space to use first. One great thing about the Linux swapping subsystem is that if you mount two (or more) swap spaces (preferably on two different devices) with the same priority, Linux will interleave its swapping activity between them, which can greatly increase swapping performance.
To add an extra swap partition to your system, you first need to prepare it. Step one is to ensure that the partition is marked as a swap partition and step two is to make the swap filesystem. To check that the partition is marked for swap, run as root:


fdisk -l /dev/hdb
 
Replace /dev/hdb with the device of the hard disk on your system with the swap partition on it. You should see output that looks like this:


Device Boot    Start      End           Blocks  Id      System
/dev/hdb1       2328    2434    859446  82      Linux swap / Solaris
 
If the partition isn't marked as swap you will need to alter it by running fdisk and using the 't' menu option. Be careful when working with partitions -- you don't want to delete important partitions by mistake or change the id of your system partition to swap by mistake. All data on a swap partition will be lost, so double-check every change you make. Also note that Solaris uses the same ID as Linux swap space for its partitions, so be careful not to kill your Solaris partitions by mistake.
Once a partition is marked as swap, you need to prepare it using the mkswap (make swap) command as root:


mkswap /dev/hdb1
 
If you see no errors, your swap space is ready to use. To activate it immediately, type:


swapon /dev/hdb1
 
You can verify that it is being used by running swapon -s. To mount the swap space automatically at boot time, you must add an entry to the /etc/fstab file, which contains a list of filesystems and swap spaces that need to be mounted at boot up. The format of each line is:
Since swap space is a special type of filesystem, many of these parameters aren't applicable. For swap space, add:


/dev/hdb1       none    swap    sw      0       0
 
where /dev/hdb1 is the swap partition. It doesn't have a specific mount point, hence none. It is of type swap with options of sw, and the last two parameters aren't used so they are entered as 0.
To check that your swap space is being automatically mounted without having to reboot, you can run the swapoff -a command (which turns off all swap spaces) and then swapon -a (which mounts all swap spaces listed in the /etc/fstab file) and then check it with swapon -s.

Swap file

As well as the swap partition, Linux also supports a swap file that you can create, prepare, and mount in a fashion similar to that of a swap partition. The advantage of swap files is that you don't need to find an empty partition or repartition a disk to add additional swap space.
To create a swap file, use the dd command to create an empty file. To create a 1GB file, type:


dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=1048576
 
/swapfile is the name of the swap file, and the count of 1048576 is the size in kilobytes (i.e. 1GB).
Prepare the swap file using mkswap just as you would a partition, but this time use the name of the swap file:


mkswap /swapfile
 
And similarly, mount it using the swapon command: swapon /swapfile.
The /etc/fstab entry for a swap file would look like this:


/swapfile       none    swap    sw      0       0

How big should my swap space be?

It is possible to run a Linux system without a swap space, and the system will run well if you have a large amount of memory -- but if you run out of physical memory then the system will crash, as it has nothing else it can do, so it is advisable to have a swap space, especially since disk space is relatively cheap.
The key question is how much? Older versions of Unix-type operating systems (such as Sun OS and Ultrix) demanded a swap space of two to three times that of physical memory. Modern implementations (such as Linux) don't require that much, but they can use it if you configure it. A rule of thumb is as follows: 1) for a desktop system, use a swap space of double system memory, as it will allow you to run a large number of applications (many of which may will be idle and easily swapped), making more RAM available for the active applications; 2) for a server, have a smaller amount of swap available (say half of physical memory) so that you have some flexibility for swapping when needed, but monitor the amount of swap space used and upgrade your RAM if necessary; 3) for older desktop machines (with say only 128MB), use as much swap space as you can spare, even up to 1GB.
The Linux 2.6 kernel added a new kernel parameter called swappiness to let administrators tweak the way Linux swaps. It is a number from 0 to 100. In essence, higher values lead to more pages being swapped, and lower values lead to more applications being kept in memory, even if they are idle. Kernel maintainer Andrew Morton has said that he runs his desktop machines with a swappiness of 100, stating that "My point is that decreasing the tendency of the kernel to swap stuff out is wrong. You really don't want hundreds of megabytes of BloatyApp's untouched memory floating about in the machine. Get it out on the disk, use the memory for something useful."
One downside to Morton's idea is that if memory is swapped out too quickly then application response time drops, because when the application's window is clicked the system has to swap the application back into memory, which will make it feel slow.
The default value for swappiness is 60. You can alter it temporarily (until you next reboot) by typing as root:


echo 50 > /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
 
If you want to alter it permanently then you need to change the vm.swappiness parameter in the /etc/sysctl.conf file.

Conclusion

Managing swap space is an essential aspect of system administration. With good planning and proper use swapping can provide many benefits. Don't be afraid to experiment, and always monitor your system to ensure you are getting the results you need.

HOW TO EMBED RSS TO ANY HTML WEB PAGE

Wednesday, November 25, 2009





There is a free RSS to HTML script available from the website at:

http://www.rssdog.com/

It will use a PHP script to convert the RSS to html,  there are more customizations features. you can generate a php and html code. 

make sure you have the RSS feed URL with you. 
Good Luck.




Add Google Calendar to your Thunderbird

Monday, November 23, 2009
Google Calendar is a great, if not the best available tool to share calendars. However, it’s tedious to edit and keep track of it via the web interface. In saving time, integration is your best friend. Naturally, there is a vast amount of addons and tools to sync, integrate and simply work more efficiently with Google Calendar. For example you can sync it with mobile devices like the Blackberry or iPhone using GoogleSync. Then you can add Google Calendar to Gmail with several different Greasemonkey scripts. Now I will explain how to add it to Thunderbird.
For this you will need two Thunderbird addons:
1. Lightning adds a Sunbird type calendar to Thunderbird.
2. Provider for Google Calendar connects Lightning with Google Calendar.

After installing both of these plugins, you will notice several changes in Thunderbird. First of all there is a new sidebar holding the calendar. At the bottom of the old sidebar that is hosting the folders and address book, you should see three new buttons: Mail, Calendar and Tasks.

To integrate an existing Google Calendar, you first need to fetch your calendar’s address. Head over to the web interface, click the little arrow next to one of your calendars, and select >Calendar settings from the menu.
In the Details window you’re looking for the Calendar / Private Address section at the bottom. I found that both XML and ICAL URLs work, but XML is recommended. Whether you pick the calendar or the private address depends on whether your calendar is set to public or private.
Back in Thunderbird the first thing you have to do is click the Calendar symbol to switch from Mail to Calendar view.
Then click >File >New >Calendar… If the Calendar option is not available, you probably forgot to switch to the Calendar view.
From the Create New Calendar window select >On the Network, click >Next, select >Google Calendar as the format and insert the URL into the >Location field, click >Next, eventually enter your Google >User Name and >Password and click >OK, >Name your calendar, give it a >Color, click >Next and finally >Finish to complete the procedure.

And there you go, you have integrated your Google Calendar into Thunderbird. Editing the calendar works bidirectional, meaning you can add and edit events via the website or in Thunderbird and they will be synced automatically.
The Mozilla Wiki has a thorough page covering Provider of Google Calendar, including a section about bugs and limitations. There also is a Google Group discussing further questions.


From http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/how-to-integrate-google-calendar-into-thunderbird/, Thanks!

How to switch to ROOT users in Ubuntu

Saturday, November 21, 2009
if you have used debian before, you should know that there is a "su" command allowing you to get ROOT permission.
unfortunately, in ubuntu, it seems that they have banned the root login. so knowing you didn't set a password for root user, you still have no way to get in as a root user.

there are nifty ways to accomplish that.

1) there is a root terminal, go to the manu bar =>applications=>system tools=>root terminal.  use your password to get into it.

2) use the normal terminal, type in "sudo su" to switch to ROOT user.


How to Dual-boot windows 7 with Linux (with Linux installed first) -- the step-by-step guide


Scenario: You have Linux already installed but want to dual boot it with windows 7 on the same hard drive.
Summary of tutorial: We'll dual-boot Ubuntu 9.10 with windows 7. With Ubuntu already installed and owning the entire drive, we'll use the Ubuntu Live CD to shrink the Linux partition to create space for the windows install.
windows 7's MBR will overwrite GRUB during installation.

Instructions: 
1. Obtain a copy of Windows7.
2. Partition your disk with fdisk
3. Install Windows7.
4. Re-install Grub.
5. Edit Grub to List Windows 7.



Details:


4. Re-install GRUB

Now you have windows 7 but it has completely eaten your boot loader so you need to re-install grub.
Boot from the ubuntu live cd and go to terminal.
Type in terminal:

"sudo grub"
"grub> find /boot/grub/stage1"

That should return your Ubuntu partition in the form of (hdX,Y), use that:

grub> root (hdX,Y)
grub> setup (hd0)
grub> quit

(you don’t need to type the grub> bit)

That has re-installed grub but you can no longer see windows7

5. Edit grub.
Go to terminal from normal ubuntu and type :

“sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst”

A large text file will open and at the bottom leave a line and add this:

title windows 7 beta (Loader)
root (hd0,1)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1

(Do not type this line but if that does not work on re-boot try “hdo,0 or hd0,2” and so on until it works.)

thanks to hyperdude111 and James Bannan